What are the two primary theories of forgetting?

The correct answer highlights decay and interference as the two primary theories of forgetting, which are foundational concepts in understanding memory and recall processes.

The decay theory posits that memories fade over time if they are not accessed or reinforced, suggesting that there is a natural deterioration of memory traces. This theory aligns with our everyday experiences where information we do not use or revisit tends to be forgotten, illustrating the transient nature of memory.

On the other hand, the interference theory proposes that forgetting occurs because other information competes with the memories we are trying to retrieve. This interference can be retroactive, where new information hinders the recall of old information, or proactive, where older memories disrupt the ability to learn or recall new information. This theory accounts for the complexities of learning new information while retaining what one has already learned.

Together, decay and interference offer a comprehensive understanding of how and why forgetting occurs in various contexts, encompassing both the passage of time and the influence of competing information.