Which of the following is an example of a transformation problem?

A transformation problem involves taking an initial state and applying a series of steps or transformations to reach a desired goal or final state. In this context, proposing a solution for a complex equation exemplifies a transformation problem because it requires analyzing the given information, manipulating variables, and employing mathematical rules to transform the equation into a form that can lead to a solution.

The transformation aspect is central here, as it denotes the process of changing one representation or form of the problem into another until the desired answer is achieved. In comparison, sorting words alphabetically primarily involves organization rather than transforming states, finding a new route may involve navigation but does not necessarily imply conceptual transformation of a problem, and planning a daily itinerary more closely resembles an organizational task than a transformation of a starting state into a final goal-oriented state.